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1、A recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo has caused much debate and has shocked many people around the world.
該句中that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，作名詞announcement的同位成份。
同位語從句通常放在fact, news, promise, idea, truth, suggestion, word, belief, decision, doubt等詞后面，對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步修飾，限制或說明。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞除that外；還有連接副詞how, when, where, why等。
①Have you any idea ?
(公司發(fā)生了什么事嗎？)
②Word came from Mary .
(會(huì)議昨天已被推遲)
③He didn’t give me any advice .
(我該如何解決這道數(shù)學(xué)題)
④He gave me a suggestion / proposal .
(我該多專心于學(xué)習(xí))
2、On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human lives.
這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句，而在賓語從句中又包含一個(gè)條件狀語從句；第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，修飾tissues and organs.
①M(fèi)y father promised .
(假如我通過考試，他會(huì)給我買一新自行車)
②My father made a promise .
(假如我通過考試，他會(huì)給我買一新自行車)
on (the) one hand…on the other hand…
一方面……另一方面……前一個(gè)the可以省略，后一個(gè)the不能省略。
I want to go on a trip. On (the) one hand I like it ; (另一方面我有錢)
英語中常用的表示列舉的詞匯還有:
for one thing,…for another 首先…其次…
first(ly), … second(ly) … 第一…第二…
3、On the other hand, many people , including some scientists, disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a real- life Franklin’s monster.
on one’s/ the way to doing即將要做某事
on one’s way + n.在……路上
on the way + adv.在……途中
the way to do / of doing做……方法
①He is on the way (即將成為一名優(yōu)秀的老師).
②How do you find the way they think of (解決這個(gè)問題)?
③Don’t be angry , they are (在回家的路上).
相關(guān)短語互譯：
in a way 擋路；礙事 決不；決非
順便說一句 in this/ that way by the way
by way of make one’s way feel one’s way
fight one’s way push one’s way lead the way
迷路
4、While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are ? already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.
while引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句，意思是“盡管”；so as to deliver=in order to deliver… 動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。
寫出下列各句的while的意思。
① While I accept that he is not perfect , I do actually like the person.
②John came in while I was typing a letter.
③Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
④You don’t have to worry while we are here .
push ahead with 推進(jìn)；推行
It is hard (這樣一個(gè)政策是很難推行下去的)
相關(guān)短語：
push sth. forward go ahead
ahead of time ahead of
譯：1、他在我前面五米遠(yuǎn)跑著。
2、你得提前兩天請(qǐng)假。
deliver 在這里的意思是“接生，使分娩”，該詞還有“投遞；釋放；表達(dá)”等意思。
①The morning mail .(剛剛投遞出去)
②The speech (deliver) by the professor was so moving.
③Her baby (被接生)by an experienced doctor.
相關(guān)短語：
deliver sth. to sb. deliver a message / a letter / deliver a speech.
5、If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby tomorrow.本句為if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件狀語從句，表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的情況。
①If I (come) here yesterday, I would have seen him.
②If I (be) a teacher, I (be)strict with my students.
③If it (snow) tomorrow , they (not/ go)out.
注意：上面三句如果去掉if，從句則要部分倒裝。將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于句首。例：
① I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
② (如果你那時(shí)聽我的話)，
you wouldn’t have made the mistake.
注意：有時(shí)虛擬條件不用從句，而用介詞(without , but for 等)或上下文暗示條件來表示。
①What a kind teacher! But for his help , I my study.
A. wouldn’t finishB. wouldn’t have finished
C. shouldn’t have finishedD. mustn’t have finished
②Without air , we (can / live).
6、We could produce monster, or even a superhuman race that could one day end up replacing us.
end up“以……而告終”后接現(xiàn)在分詞，類似短語有end up with / in后一般加名詞。
①If you continue like this, you will end up (lift) a stone only to have it drop on
your own foot.
②Wasteful people usually (陷入債務(wù))
③Our party (以一首英文歌結(jié)束).
replace vt. 代替，取代，放回，置于原處
①Replace a dictionary on the shelf .
②Can anything ? (取代母親的愛和關(guān)懷嗎？)
表示“代替”的詞或詞組：instead / instead of / in place of sb. / in sb’s place / take the place of sb.
7、Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.此句是部分否定。
英語中的all, both, each, everybody, everything, complete, always, entirely, altogether等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞not連用，構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。
譯：①He does not always play football.
②No both brothers are here.
③Everything isn’t ready.
④All of them are not here.
全部否定的詞有：no , none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one , nowhere, no more, no way等。
①?An athlete can not play his best in competitions.
?Yes, it depends upon his mental and physical state.
A. everB. sometimesC. alwaysD. never
②I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with .
A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing
8、The developing and developed countries of the world need to work together to ensure that people enjoy healthy and productive lives, without the environment around them suffering.
不定式短語to ensure作目的狀語，that引導(dǎo)的從句作ensure的賓語，without引導(dǎo)的介詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。
介詞with/ without+賓語+賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)如下：
with +n. / pron. + adj.
with +n. / pron. + adv.
with +n. / pron. +介詞短語
with +n. / pron. +動(dòng)詞?ed形式
with +n. / pron. +動(dòng)詞? ing形式
with +n. / pron. +動(dòng)詞不定式
with +n. / pron. +n.
①The old man had to stay in the station, /
(口袋里沒有一分錢)
② (作業(yè)做好了), peter went out to play.
③ (有許多作業(yè)要做), peter can’t go out to play.
④I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise .
A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on
⑤With a stick (小棍是我唯一的武器), I fought against the thief.
⑥ (有那小男孩帶路), we had no difficulty finding her home.
⑦I like sleeping (窗戶開著)and (燈關(guān)了).
9. The very genes that make crops resistant to pests and disease could be harmful to animals.
“very”在這里是形容詞，意思是“同一的，正是的”如：
①These are the words he used . 這就是他的原話。
② (這正是我昨天丟失的手機(jī)).
10.Would anyone say that economic development should be stopped in favour of nature?
短語in favour of 意思是“有利于；贊同。”后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
①We are (贊成改革).
②I talked to my friend about it , and he’s all .
(贊同放棄這個(gè)計(jì)劃)
相關(guān)短語：
in sb’s favour ask sb. a favour
do sb. a favour

答 案
1、①What has happened in the company.
②that the meeting had been put off.
③how I should solve this maths problem.
④that I should concentrate more on my studies.
2、①that if I passed the exam, he would buy me a new bike.
②that if I passed the exam, he would buy me a new bike.
On the other hand I have some money
3、①to becoming a good teacher
②to solve the problem
③on the way home
在某種程度上/妨礙/決不/在任何方面/用這種/那種方法/順便問一下/經(jīng)由/前進(jìn)/摸索著前進(jìn)/奮力前進(jìn)/擠著前進(jìn)/帶路/迷路
4、①盡管；②當(dāng)…時(shí)候；③然而；④只要
to push ahead with such a policy
提出某事/ 前進(jìn)(請(qǐng)吧/用吧)/ 提前/ 在…之前(空間/ 時(shí)間)/(比…好)
①He was running 5 metres ahead of me.②You must are for leave 2 days ahead of time.
①has just been delivered②delivered③was delivered
5、had come;were / would be ;③should snow/ wouldn’t go
注意：were/Had you listened to me注意：B. / couldn’t live
6、①lifting;②end up in debt③ended up with an English song
①把字典放回架子上②replace a mother’s love and care
7、①他并不是總打排球
②兄弟倆并不都在這
③并不是一切都準(zhǔn)備好了
①C②A
8、①without any money in his pocket / with no money in his pocket.
②with his homework done.③with a lot of homework to do.
④A⑤my only weapon⑥with the little boy leading the way
⑦with the window open / with the light off
9、①very ②This is the very mobile phone I lost yesterday.

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