核心詞匯
1．He felt they had ____________(濫用，妄用)his trust by talking about him to the press.
2．It’s____________(違法的)to read other people’s private letters without permission.
3．He was presented with an award for saving a woman at the ____________(冒險(xiǎn))of his own life.
4. Let’s go swimming in that big pool，because swimming is ____________(禁止)in this deep lake.
5．It is very difficult for the child to solve the ____________(困難的)problem.
6．The little girl was ____________(感到羞愧的)of having failed in the final exam.
7．We must develop science to____________(加強(qiáng))our education and army.
8．After a ____________week of work，all the employees were extremely ____________and tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under____________.(stress)
9．(1)Playing computer games is highly ____________.Once you get ____________to it，you will find it hard to get rid of it.Now，Henry，one of my classmates is fighting his ____________to the games.(addict)
(2)As a ____________，he has good____________and never____________a person by his appearance.(judge)
1．a(chǎn)bused 2.illegal 3.risk 4.banned 5.tough 6.ashamed 7.strengthen 8.stressful；stressed；stress 9.(1)addictive；addicted；addiction (2)judge；judgement；judges
高頻短語(yǔ)
1．________________ 由于……
2．________________ 對(duì)……有癮
3．________________ 習(xí)慣于……
4．________________ 對(duì)……作出決定
5．________________ 想要(做)……
6．________________ 不顧；不管
7．________________ 冒險(xiǎn)
8．________________ 陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)
9．________________ 處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)
1.due to 2.addicted to 3.accustomed to 4.decide on 5.feel like(doing) 6.in spite of 7.take risks(a risk) 8.get into 9.at risk
重點(diǎn)句式
1．I do hope so because I want you to live __________________as I have.
我的確希望這樣，因?yàn)槲蚁胱屇氵^(guò)上和我一樣長(zhǎng)壽而健康的生活。
2．____________you feel like smoking a cigarette，________________you are a nonsmoker.
每次你想吸煙的時(shí)候，要提醒自己你是一個(gè)不吸煙的人。
3．________________，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.
你知道，如果你反反復(fù)復(fù)地做同一件事，你就會(huì)自動(dòng)地做它。
4．________only ________the disease has progressed to AIDS ________ a person begins to look sick.
只有當(dāng)這種病毒發(fā)展成艾滋病時(shí)，人才會(huì)顯出病態(tài)。
1.as long and healthy a life 2.Every time；remind yourself that 3.As you know 4.It is；when；that
知識(shí)詳解
1stress n． 重壓，逼迫，壓力；重音；重點(diǎn)
vt. 加壓力于；使緊張；重讀
12
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1997)Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.
人在壓力之下，辦事情容易出差錯(cuò)。
②(牛津P1997)I think the company places too much stress on cost and not enough on quality.
我認(rèn)為公司對(duì)成本強(qiáng)調(diào)有余，而對(duì)質(zhì)量重視不足。
③(牛津P1997)He stressed the importance of a good education.
他強(qiáng)調(diào)了接受良好教育的重要性。
④He was feeling very stressed and tired.他感到心力交瘁。
[即境活用]
1．Cooperation or teamwork，the importance of which is often________，plays an important part in football matches.
A．stressed B．laid stress
C．paid much attention D．talked
解析：選A。本題考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。句意：合作或團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作在足球比賽中起著很重要的作用，其重要性經(jīng)常被強(qiáng)調(diào)。stress the importance of...強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性。
2．一聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，我就忘記了所有的怒氣和壓力。
When I listen to music，I forget any feelings ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：of anger and stress
2quit vt. 停止(做某事)；離開(kāi)
(回歸課本P18)I was addicted in all three ways，so it was very difficult to quit.
我之所以上癮是有著這三個(gè)方面的原因的，因此，要戒煙就很難。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1626)He has decided to quit as manager of the team.
他已決定辭掉球隊(duì)經(jīng)理的職務(wù)。
② However，he didn’t quit，and he became a great pianist.
然而，他沒(méi)有放棄，最終成為了偉大的鋼琴家。
③My father has quit smoking at last.我父親終于戒了煙。
④I got my present job when I quit the army.
我退伍后得到了現(xiàn)在這份工作。
[即境活用]
3．The majority of smokers say that they would like to ________ ________ ________(去掉這個(gè)習(xí)慣)．
答案：quit the habit
3due adj. 欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的
(回歸課本P18)I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.
我想我之所以長(zhǎng)壽而且精力充沛，要?dú)w功于我的健康生活。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P621) The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.
這項(xiàng)工程由于缺乏政府的資助而不得不放棄。
② Some of the disease’s spread is due to global warming.
一些疾病的傳播是由于全球氣候變暖引起的。
③He didn’t pay the rent when it was due.
他房租到期，卻未付租金。
④She is due to complete her study and graduate late this year.
她預(yù)計(jì)今年下半年完成學(xué)業(yè)畢業(yè)。
[即境活用]
4．The old man said the accident________careless driving，so a lot of money________be paid by the driver.
A．was due to；was due to
B．due to；was due to
C．is due to；has due to
D．is due to；was due to
解析：選A。due to由于，起因于，常用作表語(yǔ)，第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填was due to；第二個(gè)空填was due to，due為形容詞，意思是“合理的，應(yīng)支付的”。money與其后作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式具有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。
4accustomed adj. 習(xí)慣的，通常的
(回歸課本P18)This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
這就是說(shuō)，過(guò)一段時(shí)間以后，你的身體習(xí)慣了香煙里的尼古丁。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P15)It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.
我經(jīng)過(guò)了一段時(shí)間后才適應(yīng)了所有新的規(guī)章制度。
②He quickly accustomed himself to/became accustomed to the new way of life.
他很快適應(yīng)了這種新的生活方式。
③She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.她覺(jué)得有必要讓孩子養(yǎng)成早起的習(xí)慣。
④Accustomed to climbing the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.
習(xí)慣于爬陡峭的山，他毫無(wú)困難地爬上山頂。
[即境活用]
5．—They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes.They are accustomed ________at meals.
A．to talk B．to not talk
C．to talking D．to not talking
解析：選D。本句中be accustomed to表示“習(xí)慣于”，to是介詞，所以后面跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞的否定形式not要置于動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))前。句意：——他們非常安靜，不是嗎？——是的，他們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了就餐時(shí)不說(shuō)話。所以正確答案為D項(xiàng)。
5risk n． 危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
v． 使冒險(xiǎn)；冒……風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
(回歸課本P20)He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.
他認(rèn)為他必須決定每一步而不冒險(xiǎn)。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P1768)There are measures you can take to reduce the risk of accidents.
你可以采取措施以降低發(fā)生事故的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
②(朗文P1768)I encourage people to take risks by trying new things.
我鼓勵(lì)人們冒險(xiǎn)嘗試新事物。
③I wouldn’t run the risk of being late for work.
我不會(huì)冒遲到的危險(xiǎn)的。
④When children start smoking，they don’t realize that they’re risking their health.
小孩開(kāi)始抽煙時(shí)，并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到是在拿自己的健康去冒險(xiǎn)。
[即境活用]
6．He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldn’t risk________the good opportunity.
A．to lose B．losing
C．to be lost D．being lost
解析：選B。risk后接動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)；主語(yǔ)he和lose之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選B。
6get into 陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)
(回歸課本P20)Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!
當(dāng)然，對(duì)付毒品的最好的方法是首先就別養(yǎng)成(吸毒的)習(xí)慣！
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(陜西高考)Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive.
許多無(wú)家可歸的人開(kāi)始養(yǎng)成乞討謀生的習(xí)慣。
②I’m sorry I got you into trouble with the teacher.
很抱歉，我讓你跟老師發(fā)生了糾紛。
③(重慶高考)Hi，Bob，how are you getting along with your spoken report？嗨，鮑勃，你的口頭報(bào)告準(zhǔn)備得怎么樣了？
④Isn’t it time you got down to marking the papers？(重慶高考)你是時(shí)候開(kāi)始批改試卷了吧？
[即境活用]
7．(2010年高考福建卷)We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do.Let’s ________it.
A．keep up with B．do away with
C．get down to D．look forward to
解析：選C。句意：我們剛搬進(jìn)一幢較大的房子，有許多事要做。讓我們著手做吧。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“跟上”；B項(xiàng)意為“廢除，去掉”；C項(xiàng)意為“開(kāi)始，著手做”；D項(xiàng)意為“期望”。
8．I tried phoning her office，but I couldn’t ________.
A．get along B．get on
C．get to D．get through
解析：選D。句意：我試著撥了她辦公室的電話，但是打不通。本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。get along 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展；get on上(車，馬等)，進(jìn)展；get to到達(dá)。get through打通電話。get through還有“完成，度過(guò)，通過(guò)，講清楚”等意思。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. (P18)
我的確希望這樣，因?yàn)槲蚁胱屇氵^(guò)上和我一樣長(zhǎng)壽而健康的生活。
【句法分析】 此句式為as＋adj.＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋as。
①M(fèi)ary is as beautiful a girl as Daisy.
瑪麗和黛西是一樣漂亮的女孩。
【溫馨提示】 類似此句型的用法too/so/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n.。
②I have never met so young a body with so wise a head.
我從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么年輕又這么聰明的人。
③This is too difficult a problem for the beginners to solve.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)太難解決了。
[即境活用]
9．(2011年杭州學(xué)軍中學(xué)模擬)I haven’t seen ________Maggie since I came here.
A．a(chǎn)s lovely a girl as B．so a lovely girl as
C．girl as lovely as D．a(chǎn)s a lovely girl as
解析：選A。句意：自從來(lái)到這里，我還從未見(jiàn)過(guò)像Maggie這么可愛(ài)的女孩呢。“so/as/how/too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.”或“such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
10．Bill is a good man，kind and diligent.Don’t be too hard on him.He’s doing the job________.
A．a(chǎn)s good as he can
B．a(chǎn)s well as he could
C．a(chǎn)s well as he can
D．a(chǎn)s best as he could
解析：選C�？疾閍s...as結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；再根據(jù)good修飾名詞，well修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等，而句中要修飾do，可排除A項(xiàng)，故答案為C。
2【教材原句】 Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.(P19)
每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時(shí)候，你就提醒你自己：你(已經(jīng))是不吸煙的人了。
【句法分析】 every time可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，“每次”的意思。該從句中也用一般時(shí)態(tài)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。
① Every time you smile at someone，you give a gift to that person.
每次當(dāng)你向某人微笑的時(shí)候，你就給了那人一件禮物。
【溫馨提示】 (1)下列名詞詞組可以起連詞作用：
the first/last time
next/any/every/each time
the moment/instant/minute
(2)directly，instantly，immediately等也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
②He loved her the first time he saw her.他對(duì)她一見(jiàn)鐘情。
[即境活用]
11．________I was in trouble，I was hopefully confident that we can overcome the difficulties.
A．The first time
B．At first
C．It was the first time
D．For the first time
解析：選A。the first time 用作連詞，意為“第一次……時(shí)”其前不加介詞。at first起初；首先；it was the first time...這是第一次……；for the first time首次。
作文指導(dǎo)
議論文
【體裁導(dǎo)航】
寫議論文要注意三個(gè)問(wèn)題：
1．議論文要有論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)(即三個(gè)要素)，并在論證的過(guò)程中，讓閱卷老師充分感受到你的英語(yǔ)水平。
2．議論文的時(shí)態(tài)比較靈活，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容使用正確的時(shí)態(tài)。
3．英語(yǔ)的議論文受篇幅限制，短文開(kāi)頭就應(yīng)提出論點(diǎn)。
雜議短評(píng)類的議論文，就是指通過(guò)語(yǔ)言或文字，對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行議論，或?qū)λx的材料進(jìn)行評(píng)析，并通過(guò)議論，從而提出自己獨(dú)到見(jiàn)解的分析文章。也就是我們平常所說(shuō)的“小論文”。
雜議和短評(píng)本身并無(wú)實(shí)質(zhì)性的區(qū)別，只是其范疇有時(shí)可能存在一定的差異而已。例如，某年的上海高考英語(yǔ)題，就曾要求對(duì)孩子被溺愛(ài)的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行雜議或短評(píng)。近幾年北京的開(kāi)放作文，也多屬雜議或短評(píng)類的一種書(shū)面表達(dá)形式。
【寫作示例】
健康是福。但是隨著人們生活水平的提高，生活節(jié)奏的加快，越來(lái)越多的人喜歡吃形形色色的簡(jiǎn)單快捷的包裝食品；交通工具的改進(jìn)也使得人們?cè)絹?lái)越缺少必需的體力運(yùn)動(dòng)。所以出現(xiàn)了很多的“亞健康(subhealth)”人群。請(qǐng)你以“How to Be Healthy？”為題，寫一篇120詞左右的短文，就此事發(fā)表一下你的看法。
【寫作要領(lǐng)】
一、審題要點(diǎn)：
1．體裁：議論文；
2．時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；
3．人稱：第一人稱。
二、內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：
1．描述出目前存在的問(wèn)題：食物方面：吃快餐；運(yùn)動(dòng)方面：缺乏體力運(yùn)動(dòng)；
2．這些問(wèn)題造成的后果：亞健康(描述一些癥狀)；
3．提出自己的建議：多吃健康的食品，多運(yùn)動(dòng)等。
【金點(diǎn)模板】
一、開(kāi)頭
參考句式：
1．Nowadays, because of the fast pace of life, more and more people like eating fast food.
2．Today, people are busy with their work, so they always eat some fast food.
3．In order to save time, many people like eating fast food.
4．Because of the fast pace of life, people have to eat more fast food and have no time to take exercise.
二、主體
參考句式：
1．How can we keep fit?
2．What is the good way to keep fit?
3．We must pay attention to our health.
4．First we should ...and then we should ...
5．The most important thing is ...
6．It is good for us to...
為使各項(xiàng)內(nèi)容銜接自然，可以適當(dāng)添加過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)。如：
firstly, secondly, thirdly ...
on one hand ...on the other hand ...
when, while, as ...
but, however ...
because, so, as a result ...
三、結(jié)尾
參考句式：
1．In a word, we must eat healthily and take more exercise to keep fit.
2．In short, if we want to keep fit, we must have a good habit and do more physical exercise.
3．As is said above, the healthier we eat, the fitter we will be.
可用來(lái)表示總結(jié)的短語(yǔ)：
in a word, in short, in conclusion, all in all等。
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
How to Be Healthy?
①Today, with the fast pace of life and work, people like eating all kinds of fast food.Besides, the convenient vehicles make people keep away from walking.②Because of these，more and more people are confronted with the threat of subhealth, for example, some can’t sleep well, some are always feeling tired and so on.
③But how can we change these and keep fit?
④First, I think a healthy balanced diet is very important for everyone.Less meat, fatty and fast food, more vegetables and enough fruit are good for our health.⑤Only when we are in a hurry can we have some junk food, but not often.Second，we should take enough exercise because exercise can keep us energetic all the time.
⑥In a word, the better we get into good eating habits and the more we take exercise, the healthier our bodies will be.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：
①with介詞短語(yǔ)的使用增加了句子的靈活性。
②關(guān)聯(lián)詞使句子上下銜接自然。
③but領(lǐng)起下文，使文章自然過(guò)渡到作者要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。
④first，second序數(shù)詞的使用使文章清晰地表達(dá)出要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)。
⑤本句為以only開(kāi)頭的倒裝句。不同句式的使用顯示出深厚的語(yǔ)言功底，使文章增色不少。
⑥總結(jié)句的使用使文章首尾呼應(yīng)，內(nèi)容充實(shí)圓滿。
【類題嘗試】
當(dāng)今，有些家長(zhǎng)選擇用金錢獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)孩子在學(xué)習(xí)上的進(jìn)步。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示用英語(yǔ)寫篇短文。
1．分析這種現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因及危害(工作繁忙，溺愛(ài)孩子，不利于孩子成長(zhǎng)……)；
2．你對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象的看法。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可根據(jù)內(nèi)容適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
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One possible version：
Nowadays more and more parents choose to reward their children with money for the progress they have made in their studies.
Why? Most parents devote themselves to their careers due to fierce competition, thus caring less about their children.However, I don’ t think this is a practical and wise choice.Firstly, if children are always rewarded with money for high marks, their attention will be focused on money instead of the pleasure of studying.
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