2012年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)21動(dòng)詞主謂一致
有關(guān)動(dòng)詞的重點(diǎn)：只有動(dòng)詞才能作謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞分為行為動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等。
（一）聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞：be，become(成為)，turn(變顏色)，grow(變天氣)，look，smell，taste，
sound(good√，well×)，seem，feel。
（二）有關(guān)use的詞組：① used to do過(guò)去常常作，be used to doing 習(xí)慣于。
1. ---y aunt goes to climb mount Gu every Sunday.
---Oh !But she________hate climbing mountain.
A. used to B. use to C. uses to D. is used to
2. Lilei is used to getting early.
注意：used to do 的否定式為used not to do 或didn’t use to
疑問(wèn)式為：Did sb use to? 或used sb…?
② 人+use sth for doing = 人+use sth to do 用某物做…
其被動(dòng)形式為：物+be used to do = 物+be used for doing
People use stone for building houses = People use stone to build houses.
Stone is used for building houses = Stone is used to build houses.
（三）can’t表示“不可能”即否定性推測(cè)。mustn’t禁止、不可能；
must“一定”表示肯定性推測(cè)；must引起的問(wèn)句，其否定回答為needn’t.
1. The man _______be Li Lei.
Li Lei has gone to Beijing.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t
2. A lot of cars are coming and going. You_______go across the street.
A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. must
3. ust I return the book tomorrow morning? No, you_______. You_______keep it for three days.
A. mustn’t, may B. mustn’t, must C. needn’t, can D. needn’t, may
4. ---Look! The man at the gate _______be our headmaster. He is always standing there every
morning. ---No, it be him. He is holding a meeting in the office no
A. must, can’t B. must, mustn’t C. can, can’t D. can, mustn’t
（四）及物動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配：give, show, pass, lend+物+to+ sb = give(…)sb sth
make, sing, buy+物+for+ sb = make(sing, buy)sb sth
（五）及物動(dòng)詞+副詞結(jié)構(gòu), 構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，把代詞放中間
get (it) back，put (it) on，take (it) off，turn (it) on，pick (it) up，try (it) on，
look (it) up，wake (me) up，put (it) up.
1. Smoking is bad for your health. You’d better_______.
A. give up it B. give it up C. take out it D. take it out
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
（一）can：①表能力“能，會(huì)”；②表推測(cè)“可能”；③表允許“可以”。
1. --- you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number. ---Sure, Here it is.
A. Can B. Need C. ight D. ust
（二）could：can的過(guò)去式，表過(guò)去的能力。但could本身也可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表委婉請(qǐng)求。
（三）may：①允許“可以”；②表推測(cè)“可能”。
1. I swim when I was ten years old.
2. John go there with as tonight, but he is not very sure about it.
A. must B. can C. will D. may
（四）must：①主觀看法“必須”；②推測(cè)“一定”。
（五）need：①情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need+動(dòng)原②實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：need to do③need doing=need to be done
1. You worry about me. It’s nothing serious.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
（六）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)分
（七）may be 和maybe ①maybe用于句首，可能；②may be可能是
1. If you eat bad food, you ill. A. may be B. can’t be C. must D. maybe
練習(xí)
1. ---ay we play football in the street?---No, you . It’s dangerous.
A. can B. mustn’t C. may D. may not
2. The man in the office be r. Black because he went home just no
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
3. The old man was quite weak after the accident. So he .
A. must be take care of B. must take care of C. must be looked after
4. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river.
A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown C. can’t throw D. may not throw
5. ---Hurry up, please!---It’s quite early, you worry about the time.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t
6. ---There’s somebody at the door. Who it be?
---No, it be him. It’s just seven o’clock. It’s too early.
A. may, can’t B. will, won’t C. may, mustn’t
7. ---Excuse me, could I borrow some money from you?---Of course you .
A. could B. can C. must D. need
8. The flower every day, or they’ll die.
A. must water B. can be watered C. should water D. must be watered
9. ---What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting.
---He said that I better. A. can do B. am C. will do D. could do
10. ---Where’s Lucy?---I’m not sure. She in the library.
A. maybe B. must C. may be D. will be
主謂一致即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)一致：
（一）One，every one，each one，any one，each，either，nine of+復(fù)數(shù)+單謂。
Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is able to answer it.
1. Neither of the two brothers with their parents.
A. live B. are living C. like to live D. lives
2. of the boys in Class4 is playing games.
A. All B. Each C. The both
（二）不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)
To teach is to learn. Playing with fire is dangerous.
1. Palying baseball Dale’s favourite sport.
A. is B. are C. were
（三）主語(yǔ)后跟含有with. except. together. with. as well as等短語(yǔ)時(shí), 單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)主語(yǔ)而定，而不受這些短語(yǔ)的影響。
1. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
（四）主語(yǔ)為people. Police. cattle（家禽）poultry（家畜）等時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。
The police are looking for the missing child. ost people think so.
（五）主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)而意義為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)：
①news，works（作品，工作），physics，politic政治，mathematics數(shù)學(xué)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；
②trousers, Shoes, glasses為主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)前面有a pair of修飾時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
1. I think physics ________maths.
A. is so useful as B. are more useful as
C. are as useful as D. is much more useful than
（六）表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)格、質(zhì)量等短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，即使其中的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式：
Three years has already passed quickly.
Fifty yuan is enough.
（七）由every，some，any，no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定式代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。
1. Every girl ________to attend the English Party.
A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like
（八）就近原則：由either…or，Neither…nor，not only…but also連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致。
1. Not only students but also their teacher ________the plan.
A. object B. objects C. is object D. is objected
There be句型中連接并列的主謂時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用就近原則。
There is a girl and four boys in the room.
2. There some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
（九）so，neither倒裝句：so do I句型（即so+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)），表示“兩種情況相同”。注意：時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)要一致。
So I do陳述語(yǔ)序，表示“的確如此”。
Neither/Nor+ be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)，表示“兩種情況都不”
1. ---Tom bought a computer yesterday. ---So she. (so he )
2. ---The boy didn’t go to the Park. ---Neither (nor) I.
（十）由and連接兩個(gè)不同的單數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示不同概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；而表示同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Jack and Tom look heathy and strong.
The poet and musician visits our school today.
（十一）the+姓氏s 表示“一家人”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The Blacks enjoy working in China.
（十二）a number of+名復(fù)+復(fù)謂 表示“很多”；
the number of+名復(fù)+單謂 表示“…的數(shù)目”。
The number of people invited more than 200, and a number of them been here no
A. were, has B. were, have C. was, has D. was, have
練習(xí)
1．Neither Wei Hua nor Ann ________ on the team．
A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．goes D．go
2．“I think neither this shirt nor that one ________ good”，he said．
A．a(chǎn)re B．is C．were D．was
3．This is iss Gao．She ________ your new teacher．
A．be B．a(chǎn)m C．is D．a(chǎn)re
4．His parents ________ coming to meet the teacher tonight．
A．a(chǎn)re B．were C．is
5．How much milk ________ in the bottle？
A．has B．a(chǎn)re there C．is there
6．Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meeting began．
A．is B．was C．a(chǎn)re D．were
7．________ Lily ________ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home． A．Not only ；but also
B．Neither；nor
C．Both；and
D．Either；or
8．________ the population of China？
A．How much is
B．How many are
C．What is
D．What number is
9．Jenny and her parents ________ going to visit the Palace useum tomorrow A．is B．a(chǎn)m C．a(chǎn)re D．be
10．Neither the students nor the teacher ________ in the classroom the moment．
A．were B．was C．weren't D．wasn't
11．—How many students are there in your school？
—________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand．
A．The number of；is
B．The number of；are
C．A number of；is
D．A number of；are
12．—Are the twins on the football team？
—No，neither of them ________ on the team．
A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．were D．be
13．Either Bob or Peter ________ watching the 17th World Cup now．
A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be
英語(yǔ)主謂一致考查題例答案與詳解
1．A。neither．．．nor．．．連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)“就近一致”的原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與nor后面的詞語(yǔ)相一致。
2．B。同上。
3．C。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱。
4．A。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。
5．C。主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。
6．B。主語(yǔ)是everyone，且為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
7．D。根據(jù)句子的意思是“兩者之一”故選D。
8．C。某地區(qū)和國(guó)家的人口是單數(shù)第三人稱，表示一事物。
9．C。主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。
10．B。neither…nor采取就近原則，故用單數(shù)，且用肯定式。
11．A。表示“……的數(shù)量”應(yīng)用the number of，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式；而anumber of表示“許多，大量的”。
12．A。同1題。
13．A。采用就近原則。
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