單元內(nèi)容分析
本單元以描述某人的個(gè)性特征為中心而展開(kāi), 從外表和性格兩方面比較人物之間的相同與不同點(diǎn), 由此引出taller, shorter, thinner, longer, heavier, calmer, wilder, quieter, funnier, more athletic, more popular, more serious, more outgoing 等詞匯, 以及"S + be + adj.比較級(jí)+than+被比較對(duì)象"這個(gè)重要的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。Section A部分重在要求聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀三個(gè)方面比較不同雙胞胎之間外表和性格的區(qū)別, 附帶著在3a也提出了as....as 結(jié)構(gòu)the same as結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)兩人的相同之處。與Section A部分比較, Section B部分則深入到比較自己和朋友的相同與不同之處, 并提出了"選擇朋友"這個(gè)話題, 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確評(píng)價(jià)朋友, 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生結(jié)識(shí)真正的好朋友。
內(nèi)容、目標(biāo)與要求
題目 I'm more outgoing than my sister. 題材內(nèi)容：本單元以描述朋友外表和個(gè)性特征, 比較個(gè)人與朋友之間的異同為題材, 增進(jìn)朋友之間的相互了解。
目標(biāo)、 功 能：表述個(gè)性特征, 對(duì)人物進(jìn)行比較。
語(yǔ) 法:形容詞的比較級(jí), both的用法。 詞 匯 more, than, taller, shorter, thinner, longer, heavier, calmer, wilder, quieter, funnier, smarter, more athletic, more popular, twin, both, be good at
語(yǔ)言技能
目標(biāo) 聽(tīng): 能聽(tīng)懂描述某人外表及個(gè)性特征, 人物之間外表及個(gè)性異同的句子和對(duì)話。 說(shuō): 能口頭描述某人的外表及個(gè)性特征, 能比較不同人物之間特征的異同。 讀: 能讀懂對(duì)不同人物外表和個(gè)性描述的對(duì)話和簡(jiǎn)單文章。
寫(xiě): 能用S + be + adj.比較級(jí)+than+被比較對(duì)象 結(jié)構(gòu)描述不同人物的區(qū)別, 能用as + adj.原級(jí)+as 描述不同人物的相同處, 學(xué)會(huì)用both描述不同人物的相同處。 演示與表達(dá)能在同學(xué)之間進(jìn)行真實(shí)的介紹自己的朋友和家庭成員的特征。學(xué)習(xí) 策略自學(xué)策略培養(yǎng)分類表述, 聽(tīng)取特定信息的習(xí)慣。 合作學(xué)習(xí)
策略掌握描述個(gè)人特征的表達(dá)方式, 結(jié)識(shí)朋友, 介紹朋友, 了解朋友, 形成一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)集體, 互相幫助。情感態(tài)度 介紹朋友時(shí)要尊重朋友, 實(shí)事求是地評(píng)價(jià)朋友和自己, 珍惜培養(yǎng)朋友之間真實(shí)而美好的友誼。任務(wù) 能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)和句式向別人介紹自己和朋友的異同。
Words and expressions(詞匯部分)
1 outgoing adj. 友好的，外向的；quiet adj. 平靜的，安靜的，文靜的。
她性格很開(kāi)朗。______________________________
她是一個(gè)文靜的女孩。____________________________________
2 twin adj. 孿生的，雙胞胎的；n. 雙胞胎(之一)
他們是雙胞胎。______________________________
他的雙胞胎弟弟個(gè)子很高。_________________________________________
3 calm adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的；反義詞，wild adj. 魯莽的，草率的
保持鎮(zhèn)靜！______________________!
他太魯莽。__________________________________
4 serious adj. 嚴(yán)肅的，莊重的
我們的數(shù)學(xué)老師看上去很嚴(yán)肅。Our math teacher _________________________
他不茍言笑。___________________________________
5 athletic adj. 擅長(zhǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的，活躍的，強(qiáng)健的
Athletic sports are good to the health. 體育運(yùn)動(dòng)有益健康。
約翰體魄健壯，他擅長(zhǎng)跑步。__________________________________, _____________________________
6 note n. 注釋，說(shuō)明
記筆記 _________________
7 mean v. 意思是。。。；表示。。。的意思
What do you mean? I mean you’re too lazy. 你是什么意思？我是說(shuō)你太懶。
這個(gè)單詞是什么意思？它的意思是“交通運(yùn)輸”。
_________________________________? ______________________________________“transportation”.
8 way n. 某個(gè)方面
在有些方面____________________. 在另一些方面______________________
9 both (A) pron. (兩個(gè))都，（兩者）都
They both live here. = Both of them live here. 他們兩個(gè)都住在這兒。
我們兩個(gè)都在八(3)班學(xué)習(xí)。(1) ____________________________________
(2) ____________________________________________
這對(duì)雙胞胎都很外向。(1) _______________________________
(2) ________________________________________________
(B) adj. 兩者的，雙方的
兩本書(shū)都很有趣。________________________________
(C) both……and…… 既。。。又。。。；兩者都。。。。。。
我和他都喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。Both he and I like math.
他不僅打籃球，還踢足球。He plays both basketball and football.
你和她都需要努力學(xué)習(xí)。_________________________________________________
數(shù)學(xué)和英語(yǔ)我都喜歡。_____________________________________________________
10 物主代詞
物主代詞我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的
形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir
名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
用法：形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，后跟名詞，表示所有關(guān)系；名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，后面不跟名詞，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。
填一填：(1) This is ______ (my/ mine)book. That’s ______. (her/ hers)
(2) ______ (Our/ Ours) is a large country.
(3) My pen is on the desk. ______ is on the floor. A he B his C your D her
(4) 她的鞋子是黑色的，你的是白色的。
______ shoes are black, ______ are white.
(5) The bicycle looks like ______. (your/ yours)
11 more than…… 超過(guò)，多于
我們班有40多名學(xué)生。_____________________________________________________
他們家不只一輛小汽車。His family ___________________________________________
12 in common 公有的，共有的
have something in common 有(一個(gè))共同點(diǎn)；have some things in common 有一些共同之處。
這對(duì)雙胞胎有一些共同點(diǎn)。______________________________________________
13 be good at = do well in 擅長(zhǎng)。。。，在（某方面）做得好；反義說(shuō)法，be weak in 在（某方面）做得差。
他英語(yǔ)學(xué)得好。(1) ________________________________________
(2) ___________________________________________________
他數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)的不好。____________________________________
14 for prep. 為，給，對(duì)
跑步對(duì)我們的健康有好處。________________________________
這兒有你一封信（letter）。_____________________________________
謝謝你的幫助。_________________________________________
對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)很好學(xué)。______ ______, it ______ easy ______ _______ English.
15 opposite prep. 相反的，對(duì)立的；view n. 觀點(diǎn)，看法
他對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題看法相反。He ______ ______ ______ on this problem.
16 interest n. 興趣，愛(ài)好，為可數(shù)名詞；interesting adj. 有趣的
這對(duì)雙胞胎興趣不同。The twins ______ ______ ______.
對(duì)。。。感興趣，可以說(shuō)，show interests in……; take an interest in……
他對(duì)打電腦游戲感興趣。(1) ____________________________________________
(2) ______________________________________________
17 though/ although conj. 雖然，即使，縱然
盡管英語(yǔ)學(xué)的不好，但他仍然在努力學(xué)。
(1)______ he ______ ______ ______ English, _______ he _______ ______ _______ it.
(2)He ______ ______ ______ English ______ he ______ ______ ______ it.
18 necessary adj. 必要的，必須的
把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好是必須的。It _______ _______ _______ _______ English well.
19 beat v. 打敗，戰(zhàn)勝。 beat sb 打�。☉�(zhàn)勝）某人
籃球比賽我們經(jīng)常戰(zhàn)勝二班。We often ______ ______ in the basketball matches.
20 care v. 對(duì)。。。在意， 對(duì)。。。計(jì)較。care about sth 對(duì)。。。在乎
I don’t care what people think of me。 我不在乎人們對(duì)我怎么看。
我不在乎價(jià)錢。I ______ ______ ______ the price.
21 information （不可數(shù)名詞）消息，信息
Texts（課文部分）
本單元學(xué)習(xí)形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)。
（一）形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成。（見(jiàn)書(shū)后語(yǔ)法P93）
寫(xiě)出下列詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：tall fine
big thin fat
easy funny fun
beautiful outgoing
good badly
much little
far
（二）形容詞、副詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法：
1 不跟誰(shuí)比較用原級(jí) He is very tall. 他個(gè)子很高。這種用法中，形容詞和副詞前一般有very, quite, so, too等修飾。
鞋子太大了。___________________________________
2 兩者比較用“比較級(jí)+than”
He is cleverer than me. 他比我聰明。
English is more interesting than Chinese.
他比我胖。_________________________________________
物理比數(shù)學(xué)有趣。__________________________________________
物理跟數(shù)學(xué)比，哪個(gè)更難？______ is ______ ______ , physics ______ math?
3 三者以上的比較用“the +最高級(jí)”。同時(shí)有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)，如：of the three/all；in our class, in China, in the world等。
This ruler is the longest of the three. 三把尺子中這一把最長(zhǎng)。
Who is the heaviest, Peter, Tom or Mike? 彼得、湯姆和邁克誰(shuí)最胖？
我們班上他的個(gè)子最高。____________________________________________
所有學(xué)科中英語(yǔ)最難。_________________________________________
汽車、火車和飛機(jī)哪個(gè)跑的最快？飛機(jī)。
_____________________________________________________________? The plane.
4 平級(jí)比較用(1)“as +原級(jí)+as”表示甲在某方面與乙相同；（2）“not as(so) +原級(jí)+as”表示甲在某方面不及乙。
數(shù)學(xué)跟物理同樣有趣。Math is as interesting as physics.
他聽(tīng)講跟安一樣認(rèn)真。He listens to the teacher as carefully as Ann.
我籃球沒(méi)他打得好。I don’t play basketball as/so well as he does/ him.
我跟他一樣高。_________________________________________________
他寫(xiě)的跟我一樣認(rèn)真。___________________________________________
數(shù)學(xué)沒(méi)有物理有趣。___________________________________________
他唱得沒(méi)我好聽(tīng)。__________________________________________________
（三）級(jí)別轉(zhuǎn)換
1 最高級(jí)與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換
長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流。The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.
= The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.
= The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.
數(shù)學(xué)是最有趣的學(xué)科。(1)_____________________________________________
(2)_________________________________________________________
他是我們班上個(gè)子最高的學(xué)生。（1）________________________________________
(2)____________________________________________________________
2 比較級(jí)與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換
I’m taller than he. = He is shorter than me.
English is more interesting than Chinese.=Chinese is less interesting than English.
這把尺子比那把尺子長(zhǎng)。（1）____________________________________________
（2）______________________________________________________
他比我外向。（1）________________________________________________
（2）___________________________________________________
3 比較級(jí)與平級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換
I’m taller than he. = He is not as(so) tall as me.
This seat is more comfortable than that one. =That seat is not as (so) comfortable as this one.
八上英語(yǔ)學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué)Unit 6 (續(xù)) (9)
英語(yǔ)比物理有趣。（1）___________________________________________
（2）________________________________________________________
數(shù)學(xué)比語(yǔ)文容易。（1）_____________________________________________
（2）___________________________________________________
（四）要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題
1 比較級(jí)前的修飾語(yǔ)：much/a lot, a little/a bit, even(甚至，還要), still, far(同much)
湯姆甚至比以前更年輕 ______________________________________________
這輛火車比那輛跑地快得多。__________________________________________
她開(kāi)車仍然比她丈夫還認(rèn)真
2 “比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”。
他變得越來(lái)越高了 ________________________________________________
花兒越來(lái)越漂亮 _____________________________________________
3 “the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……，越……”。
The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認(rèn)真，犯的錯(cuò)誤越少。
你吃的越多，長(zhǎng)的越胖。__________________________________________
你學(xué)習(xí)越用功，成績(jī)就越好。________________________________________
多多益善 ________________________________________________
4 比較對(duì)象 在比較級(jí)的句子中，如果前后兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象指的是同一類事物（人），為避免重復(fù)，后一個(gè)比較對(duì)象用that（代替單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）和those（代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞）
The weather in Beijing is colder than that (the weather) in Guangzhou.
北京的天氣比廣州的天氣冷。
The students in this class are taller than those (the students) in that class.
這個(gè)班的學(xué)生比那個(gè)班的學(xué)生個(gè)子高。
翻譯：這個(gè)杯子里的水比那個(gè)杯子里的水熱。________________________________________
廣州的蔬菜比湖北的蔬菜貴。_________________________________________________
另外，所有關(guān)系的比較，后一個(gè)比較對(duì)象用名詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格
My ruler is longer than hers. 我的尺子比她的尺子長(zhǎng)。
我們的教室比他們的教室明亮（bright）。______________________________________________
他的房間比你的房間大。___________________________________________________________
我的尺子比邁克的長(zhǎng)。____________________________________________________
練習(xí)題
（一） 寫(xiě)出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：
long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____
heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____
brightly______ -_____ badly _____ _______ far____ _____
quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________
（二）選擇填空
( )1 I think English is as _____ as math.
A importanter B important C more important D most important
( )2 Mother gets up _____ in my family. A early B earlier C earliest D the earlier
( )3 The next morning Jenny got up even ______.
A early B earlier C earliest D the earliest
( )4 Emily sings ______ of the five girls. A good B well C better D best
( )5 In fact, Delia is a little _____ than her elder sister.
A tall B taller C tallest D the tallest
( )6 Heidi does not jump so _____ as Jane. A high B higher C highest D the highest
( )7 Of all the stars the sun is ______ to us. A close B closer C closest D the closest
( )8 Barbara felt much ______ than before after dark.
A cold B colder C coldest D the coldest
( )9 This jacket is smaller than that one but it’s _____
A expensive B more expensive C most expensive D the most expensive
( )10 Our country is becoming ______. A stronger and stronger B more and more strong C more stronger and more stronger D more strong and more strong
( )11 The Changjiang River is one of _____ rivers in the world.
A great B greater C greatest D the greatest
( )12 His English is very good, but his brother’s is ______ better.
A very B more C even D ever
( )13 Tom is more careful than any _____ in his class. A boy B other boys C boys D other boy
( )14Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art?
A. well B. best C. better D. much
( )15 The Changjiang River is one of in the world.
A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers
( )16 of the two women is Mrs Brown.
A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful C.More beautiful D. The most beautiful
( )17 There is paper here .Please bring some. A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little
( )18 The pen is than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper
( )19 Tom speaks Chinese better than Jimmy. A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much
( )20 There are girls in Class Two than in Class Four. A. more B. nicest C. most D. best
( )21 It’s too for you to do that. A. easy B. more dangerous C. harder D. the easiest
( )22 Who has apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy? A. much B. biggest C. better D. the most
( )23 You have more rulers than me. But are nicer than .
A. mine, yours B. mine, your C. my, yours D. my, your
( )24 Tingting is than Meimei, but Meimei is than Tingting.
A. tall, stronger B. taller, strongest C. tallest, strong D. taller, stronger
( )25 My mooncake is nicer his. A. like B. with C. for D. than
( )26 You are fatter than . A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall
( )27 He jumps of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest
( )28 My hair is longer than . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brother’s D. Lucys’
( )29 Mother is in my family. A. busy B. busier C. the busiest D. more busy
( )30 She is than me at drawings. A. better B. best C. good D. harder
( )31 -This blue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a one?
A. small B. smaller C. the smallest D. smallest
（三）同義轉(zhuǎn)換
1 He is the tallest student in his class.
= He is ______ ______ ______ ______ student in his class.
= He is ______ ______ ______ ______ students in his class.
2 Peter draws well, Li Lei draws better. = Li Lei draws ______ ______ of the two.
3 The bike goes more slowly than the car. = The car goes ______ than the bike.
4 His book is more interesting than the twins’.
= His book is ______ ______ ______ of the three.
5 His brother draws better than him. = He doesn’t ______ ______ ______ ______ his brother.
6 If you study harder, you’ll get better grades.
= ______ ______ you study, ______ ______ ______ you’ll get.
7 This shirt is more expensive than that one.= That shirt is ______ ______ than this one.
Section A
1 Thank you for your last letter. 謝謝你上次寫(xiě)來(lái)的信。last adj. 最后的，剛過(guò)去的
姓_______________ 世界末日________________
上一次____________ 去年________________ 昨晚______________ 上個(gè)周________________
2 Here are photos of me and my twin sister Liu Ying. 這些是我和我的雙胞胎姐姐劉英的照片。
Here is/ are……是個(gè)倒裝句�？筛鶕�(jù)不同情況翻譯成不同的中文，“這里有。。。。。。；這些是。。。。。�！�
這里有兩只鉛筆。_________________________________
這是你們的書(shū)。______________________________
3 As you can see, in some ways we look the same, and in some ways we look different.
正如你所看到的，在某些方面，我們長(zhǎng)的一樣，在某些方面，我們長(zhǎng)的不一樣。
as 介詞，正如，就像
眾所周知，地球是圓的。_____________________, the earth is round.
look the same 看上去相同，長(zhǎng)的一樣；look different 看上去不同，長(zhǎng)的不一樣
4 …….although my hair is shorter than hers. 雖然我的頭發(fā)比她的頭發(fā)短。前面已經(jīng)講過(guò)，在比較級(jí)的句子中，前一個(gè)比較對(duì)象如有形容詞性物主代詞修飾，后一個(gè)比較對(duì)象就用名詞性物主代詞。
她的背包比你的重。_____________________________________________
5 We both enjoy going to parties. 我們兩個(gè)都喜歡參加聚會(huì)。enjoy doing sth, 相當(dāng)于like doing/ to do sth. 意思是，“喜歡干某事”，但enjoy后只能跟v—ing形式。
學(xué)生們正在欣賞音樂(lè)。The students are ______ ______ to music.
6 She’s a little more outgoing than me/I am. 她比我外向一點(diǎn)。 根據(jù)英文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，在比較級(jí)的句子中，than的后面應(yīng)該跟“賓格”或“主格+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等”。
他比我個(gè)高。He is ______ than ______/ ______ ______.
我籃球打得比他好。I play basketball ______ than ______/ ______ ______.
7 My friend is the same as me. 我朋友跟我一樣。be the same as……與。。。。。。相同；反義說(shuō)法：_____________________________
我年齡（age）跟他一樣大。I’m ______ ______ ______ ______ him.
他跟別人不一樣。________________________________________
Section B
8 makes me laugh 使我發(fā)笑。同let一樣，make后也要跟不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
Let sb do sth 讓某人干某事；make sb do sth 使（強(qiáng)迫）某人干某事
（1）能讓我?guī)湍銌�？Can you ______ ______ ______ you?
（2）放學(xué)后，老師把他留在教室里。The teacher ______ ______ ______ in the classroom ______ school.
9 Maria and her best friend are both tall. 瑪利亞和她的最要好的朋友兩個(gè)人個(gè)子都很高。
both 在句中放在be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，實(shí)意動(dòng)詞前。
他們兩個(gè)都住這兒。_____________________________________
他們兩個(gè)都會(huì)游泳。___________________________________
10 What’s your opinion? 你是什么意見(jiàn)？你有什么看法？opinion n. 意見(jiàn)，看法，主張
11 We asked some people what they think and this is what they said. 我們問(wèn)了一些人他們的想法，這就是他們說(shuō)的。 句中含有兩個(gè)what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。
老師對(duì)他做的事很生氣。The teacher is angry with ______ ______ ______.
你相信你聽(tīng)到的事嗎？Do you believe ______ _______ ______?
12 I like to have friends who are like me. 我喜歡和我一樣的朋友。
I like to have friends who are different from me. 我喜歡和我不一樣的朋友。
兩句中均含有who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾friends。
第一句中，be like 相像。
他跟他父親很像。_________________________________________
13 There are some differences, though. 但是，也有不同的地方。different adj. 不同的，差異的； difference n.區(qū)別，差異。為可數(shù)名詞。
though 雖然，盡管，但是。用于句末，意思是“但是”。
用different/ difference填空：
The twins look ______
Can you tell the ______ between the twins?
He is ______ from his brother?
Are there any ______ between you and your brother?
14 I’m smarter than Yuan Li. 我比袁麗聰明（漂亮）。smart adj. 時(shí)髦的，漂亮的，聰明的，整潔的。
她顯得很漂亮。_____________________________
我喜歡整潔。_________________________________
15 It’s not necessary to be the same. （朋友之間）沒(méi)必要處處都一樣。
該句所用句式，It is +adj.+to do sth. 其中，it為_(kāi)_____主語(yǔ)，不定式to do sth為_(kāi)_____ 主語(yǔ)。
我們有必要學(xué)好各門功課。______________________________________________ all subjects.
他有必要每天打掃房間。_________________________________________________ every day.
16 He always beats me in tennis. 打網(wǎng)球他總是贏我。beat v. 戰(zhàn)勝，打敗
昨天的籃球比賽我們戰(zhàn)勝了二班。We ______ ______ ______ yesterday’s basketball ______.
17 I don’t really care. 我并不真的在乎（朋友之間的異同）。
我不在乎他說(shuō)的話。I don’t ______ ______ he _______.
你在乎你聽(tīng)到的那件事嗎？______ you ______ ______ you ______?
18 I don’t think differences are important in a friendship. 我認(rèn)為區(qū)別在朋友間的友誼中不重要。
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